There are two primary types of radiant heating used in homes today: hydronic and electric. Hydronic systems are the modern version of the ancient Roman systems, and the most popular choice for homeowners installing a whole-house radiant flooring system. Until recently, hydronic floor systems used copper tubing, but modern systems use flexible, rubber-like tubing installed under the flooring. A boiler (or in some very small rooms, a hot water heater) is used to heat water, which is then circulated through the tubing, which radiates energy and warmth up through the floor.
Electric radiant heating is far more economical than hydronic and is quickly gaining in popularity as technology has improved and more homeowners become aware of this radiant flooring option. It’s also simpler to install for homeowners who want to heat only one or two rooms, such as a bedroom and adjoining bath.
With electric radiant flooring systems, a very thin electric panel, similar to an electric blanket, is installed under the floor. These panels contain heat-resistant wire coiled within a supporting material and controlled with a thermostat and timer. This type of radiant flooring is very economical to install and operate, costing only $500-$700 to outfit an average-size bathroom and only about 10 cents per day to operate.
By Katie Allison Granju